Polska wódka is the protected name for Polish vodka. To use it, all stages must take place in Poland, and the spirit can only be made from rye, wheat, barley, oats, triticale or potatoes grown in the country; corn is not allowed. The alcohol is column-distilled, rectified and blended with demineralized water, preferably from deep wells, and filtered. Neutral vodka contains only alcohol and water, with a clean, smooth flavor, and an alcohol content between 37.5% and 55%. Flavored vodkas use natural flavorings and may have color.
The word wódka comes from woda, meaning water. The geographical specification cites a Kraków court document from 1405 as one of the earliest mentions, a distillery in Gdańsk in 1454, and 16th-century herb books describing distilled beverages. Production spread across the country from the late 16th century; cereals dominated until the early 19th century, when potatoes also began to be used.
The name Polska Wódka/Polish Vodka has been protected since Poland joined the European Union, and a 2012 law, in force from January 2013, established the permitted raw materials. At the table, vodka is served chilled in small glasses, used for toasts during meals and accompanied by savory snacks, the zakąski, such as pickled cucumber and herring. It is part of festive culture and should be enjoyed in moderation.