Illustrative images. The pictures in this guide are illustrations based on the real place, not photographs, and may differ from it.

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Earth and travel

Permafrost: the ground that never thaws

The ground that stays frozen all year, sometimes for thousands of years, beneath Alaska, Canada, Siberia, Greenland and the high mountains, and what changes when it starts to thaw.

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Tap a point on the map. About a quarter of the Northern Hemisphere's land has permafrost underneath; Brazil has none.

Sources: NSIDC (US National Snow and Ice Data Center), International Permafrost Association, Melnikov Permafrost Institute and CRREL. Map: Natural Earth.

Where to see it on your trip

Places in the guide related to this topic.

In the North American Arctic

Pingos de Tuktoyaktuk
Tuktoyaktuk, Canada

Pingos de Tuktoyaktuk

Museu do Norte da Universidade do Alasca
Fairbanks, the United States

Museu do Norte da Universidade do Alasca

Fairbanks
the United States

Fairbanks

Anchorage
the United States

Anchorage

Yellowknife
Canada

Yellowknife

Whitehorse
Canada

Whitehorse

Churchill
Canada

Churchill

In Greenland and Svalbard

Ilulissat
Greenland

Ilulissat

Nuuk
Greenland

Nuuk

Kangerlussuaq
Greenland

Kangerlussuaq

In the high mountains

Zermatt
Switzerland

Zermatt

Mendoza
Argentina

Mendoza